(a) that each ship, before registration and thereafter at appropriate intervals, is surveyed by a qualified surveyor of ships, and has on board such charts, nautical publications and navigational equipment and instruments as are appropriate for the safe navigation of the ship Such measures shall include those necessary to ensure:
(c) the use of signals, the maintenance of communications and the prevention of collisions.Ĥ. (b) the manning of ships, labour conditions and the training of crews, taking into account the applicable international instruments (a) the construction, equipment and seaworthiness of ships (b) assume jurisdiction under its internal law over each ship flying its flag and its master, officers and crew in respect of administrative, technical and social matters concerning the ship.ģ.Ğvery State shall take such measures for ships flying its flag as are necessary to ensure safety at sea with regard, inter alia, to: (a) maintain a register of ships containing the names and particulars of ships flying its flag, except those which are excluded from generally accepted international regulations on account of their small size and The preceding articles do not prejudice the question of ships employed on the official service of the United Nations, its specialized agencies or the International Atomic Energy Agency, flying the flag of the organization.ġ.Ğvery State shall effectively exercise its jurisdiction and control in administrative, technical and social matters over ships flying its flag.
Ships flying the flag of the United Nations, its specialized agenciesĪnd the International Atomic Energy Agency A ship may not change its flag during a voyage or while in a port of call, save in the case of a real transfer of ownership or change of registry.Ģ.Ě ship which sails under the flags of two or more States, using them according to convenience, may not claim any of the nationalities in question with respect to any other State, and may be assimilated to a ship without nationality. Ships shall sail under the flag of one State only and, save in exceptional cases expressly provided for in international treaties or in this Convention, shall be subject to its exclusive jurisdiction on the high seas. There must exist a genuine link between the State and the ship.Ģ.Ğvery State shall issue to ships to which it has granted the right to fly its flag documents to that effect.ġ. Ships have the nationality of the State whose flag they are entitled to fly. No State may validly purport to subject any part of the high seas to its sovereignty.Įvery State, whether coastal or land-locked, has the right to sail ships flying its flag on the high seas.ġ.Ğvery State shall fix the conditions for the grant of its nationality to ships, for the registration of ships in its territory, and for the right to fly its flag. Invalidity of claims of sovereignty over the high seas The high seas shall be reserved for peaceful purposes. Reservation of the high seas for peaceful purposes These freedoms shall be exercised by all States with due regard for the interests of other States in their exercise of the freedom of the high seas, and also with due regard for the rights under this Convention with respect to activities in the Area. (f) freedom of scientific research, subject to Parts VI and XIII.Ģ. (e) freedom of fishing, subject to the conditions laid down in section 2 (d) freedom to construct artificial islands and other installations permitted under international law, subject to Part VI (c) freedom to lay submarine cables and pipelines, subject to Part VI It comprises, inter alia, both for coastal and land-locked States: Freedom of the high seas is exercised under the conditions laid down by this Convention and by other rules of international law. The high seas are open to all States, whether coastal or land-locked. This article does not entail any abridgement of the freedoms enjoyed by all States in the exclusive economic zone in accordance with article 58.ġ. The provisions of this Part apply to all parts of the sea that are not included in the exclusive economic zone, in the territorial sea or in the internal waters of a State, or in the archipelagic waters of an archipelagic State. PREAMBLE TO THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEAĪpplication of the provisions of this Part